Psychology and Psychiatry Glossary 04 - Consulting of Psychology and Health Montse Valls Giner

From these pages, our center provides you with a description of the symptoms of the most common diseases and disorders of the mind. Know that this relationship is purely informational and should under no circumstances be used for diagnostic, as this mission is optional, only, duly qualified professionals.

To make it easier to use, this relationship is sorted alphabetically. If you know the name of the disorder or disease that interests you, click on the letter that its name starts, in the following menu to go to the page that contains it.

Or if you prefer, directly looking for the name, you're interested in the alphabetical list of all the disorders or diseases that we see in this glossary, we offer you below:

PAIDOFILIA

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INITIAL	NAME	CHARACTERISTICS AND SYNTOMPS	HABITUAL TREATMENT
I
	ILLUSIONS Go to menu	It is a disorder of sensory perception, the result is the distorted perception of reality. The victim feels or hears something, but attributed a different meaning corresponding to that perception. This distortion of perceptions can be triggered by various causes, including organic, by a very high emotional intensity, which also produces anxiety and depressive affect, marked by catathymic illusions, in the latter, the evidence is variable and the patient can doubt them. Not to be confused with voluntary illusions where who has them, knows that it has created and which are false and therefore do not pose a disease.	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic
	INCOHERENCY Go to menu	It is a thought disorder, affecting language, like disintegration, but this is because the words that have no coherence between them. It is typical of dementia.	The treatment is neurologic.
	INHIBITION Go to menu	It is a thought disorder that is characterized by the low fluidity of thought and difficulty finding words. It is related to depression and schizophrenia.	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic.
	INSOMNIA Go to menu	Insomnia is the inability to sleep or sleeping discontinuously. Keep in mind above all the hours required by each person is different and what really counts is to get up, after sleeping with the right skills and attention concentration. It can be caused by various reasons, most of insomnia are secondary, they are a result of other physical or psychological pathology (pain, poor digestion, breathing difficulties, anxiety, depression, obsessions, mania, schizophrenia, etc.). Although there are cases of insomnia first time where there is no associated pathologies.	Psychological therapy, supported with relaxation techniques and / or hypnosis, gives very good results in most cases, but depending on the associated disorder, may require medical and / or psychiatric treatment.
J
J	NO INFORMATION Go to menu
K	KORSAKOFF'S SYNDROME Go to menu	SEE AMNESIA
K	KOTZWARA'S SYNDROME (EROTIC ASPHYXIATION) Go to menu	SEE EROTIC ASPHYXIATION - (KOTZWARA'S SYNDROME)
L
	LANGUAGE REDUCTION Go to menu	It is a form of aphasia, caused by brain injuries, in which a debit decrease is experienced, (number of words per minute). Typically occurs in motor aphasia.	The treatment is neurologic.
	LOGORRHEA Go to menu	It is a language rhythm disorder that causes a way of talking about overly generous description of images and concepts. It is typical of manic depressive psychosis.	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic.
M
	MANIA Go to menu	This disorder is considered to be diametrically opposed to depression. It is characterized by euphoria and exaggerated joy, for great optimism (jokes and jokes constantly), the speed of thought is very fast, tachypsychia, there is a torrential language, verbiage, where the patient does not have time to pronounce everything thinking, this is known as pseudo disintegrated thinking, flight of ideas. Tend to overestimate their capabilities and minimize inconvenience, which in many cases makes big mistakes, which can easily lead you to ruin. Psychomotor is also exalted with increased hunger and sex drive and reduces the need for sleep. Risk of suicide. It occurs in manic depressive psychosis, and organic reasons for narcotics use.	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic.
	MANIAC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS Go to menu	The manic depressive psychosis, also known as affective psychosis, is a mental illness that is characterized by two distinct phases implied: - The manic phase, during which the patient has a state of euphoria with feelings of great energy, of not needing sleep. Can also show anger and irritability. There is a misunderstanding of things. Following the manic phase, can go to the depressive phase or have a normal period. - The depressive phase is of profound sadness, lack of enthusiasm for things, loss of appetite and sleep disorders. In both phases, there is a risk of suicide. This type of disease occurs around age 30 or sometimes before.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	MÜNCHAUSSEN SYNDROME Go to menu	In this disorder, the affected simulates or causes diseases to be treated medically and undergo surgery. This condition is usually a way to demand attention and as a search for the magic that entails for them all the medical technology.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	MÜNCHAUSSEN SYNDROME BY PROXY Go to menu	This disorder, as the previous one is a way to demand attention, but in this case not for himself, but for someone close. The most frequent case of mothers who cause their children diseases, eg diarrhea, to be cared for medically.	The treatment is psychiatric
N	NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER Go to menu	It is included in personality disorders and is characterized by excessive attachment to himself. Liking oneself excessively.	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic.
	NARCOLEPSY Go to menu	It is a sleep disorder where who sufferer it, he falls asleep suddenly without first had a feeling that I could sleep. The dream last a short time. This short and sudden sleepiness is considered that may be due to genetic factors and often appears in adolescence or young adulthood. Have similar incidence in both sexes. Seizures usually last between 5 and 15 minutes and disappear as suddenly as they appear. They may be accompanied by cataplexy (loss of muscle tone), sleep paralysis (loss of ability to move during sleep and waking) and hallucinations.	Psychiatric treatment. They respond well to stimulant medication, although there cataplexy and / or hallucinations are more resistant
	NECROPHILIA Go to menu	It is a disorder of sexual behavior, very rare, where the sufferer gets sexual pleasure with dead. It is associated with severe psychotic disorders, schizophrenia and oligophrenias.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	NEOLOGISMS Go to menu	It is a language disorder where the affected creates new words to describe thoughts that can not explain and typically uses.	Treatment can be neurologic or psychiatric.
	NEUROSIS OF ANXIETY Go to menu	SEE ANXIETY (NEUROSIS OF ANXIETY - CRISIS OF ANXIETY) SEE ANXIETY (NEUROSIS OF ANXIETY - ANXIETY DISORDER)
	NEUROSIS OF HYSTERIA Go to menu	SEE HYSTERIA (NEUROSIS OF HYSTERIA)
	NIGHT TERRORS Go to menu	This disorder usually occurs in children between 5 and 7 years and is rare after puberty. Is the sudden emergence of a strong body and vegetative agitation, accompanied by panic states. Appears sweating, rapid pulse, screams, groans, sometimes incorporated into the bed. They have feelings of oppression, paralysis, asphyxiation, and suffering intense fear. It may be difficult to awaken, but then go back to sleep and waking often not remember the episode. Not usually indicate diseases, except in cases that remain after puberty.	If necessary, the treatment may be psychiatric or psychological.
O
	OBSESSIONAL PHENOMENA OF NORMALITY Go to menu	This disorder is framed within the obsessive disorders. They are usually unimportant and often result from factors such as fatigue or lack of sleep. They are thoughts and / or actions that are in the mind and repeated obsessively for a short period of time. Generally eventually disappear by itself.	Although they tend to disappear on their-self, it is sometimes necessary to take a brief psychological therapy.
	OBSESSION DISORDER Go to menu	Have the same characteristics that obsessive neurosis but more intensity. SEE OBSESSIVE NEUROSIS
	OBSESSIVE DISEASE Go to menu	It is part of the important obsessive disorders. There are criteria by some professionals do not consider it as obsessive neurosis, because they believe that in obsessive disease are endogenous and therefore is more serious than neurosis. Among the most common symptoms are: - Nosophobical Ideas (exaggerated fear of bacteria and infections). - Ideas check (check more than once so exaggerated and faucets, gas, bolts, etc.). - Philosophical Ruminations (absurd thoughts such as: Why are there two sexes?). - Excessive Scruples (exaggerated in sin fear, have hurt others, having offended God, etc.). - Obsessive acts (actions and unnecessary movements, which make ideational overcome obsessions). - Compulsions (need to absurd behavior, but if they do not generate anxiety). The most common causes may be genetic, constitutional, altered cortical insufficiency, lack of serotonin in the blood, rigid education, psychological causes (retrocession to the anal-sadistic stage)	The treatment that is best results are with psychological therapy with behavior modification techniques and relaxation techniques. They also tend to find good answers with the use of hypnosis. In some cases it may be required psychiatric treatment and pharmacological.
	OBSESSIVE NEUROSIS Go to menu	It is part of the important obsessive disorders. There are criteria by some professionals do not consider it as obsessive disease, because they believe that in obsessive disease are endogenous and therefore is more serious than neurosis. Among the most common symptoms are: - Nosophobical Ideas (exaggerated fear of bacteria and infections). - Ideas check (check more than once so exaggerated and faucets, gas, bolts, etc.). - Philosophical Ruminations (absurd thoughts such as: Why are there two sexes?). - Excessive Scruples (exaggerated in sin fear, have hurt others, having offended God, etc.). - Obsessive acts (actions and unnecessary movements, which make ideational overcome obsessions). - Compulsions (need to absurd behavior, but if they do not generate anxiety). The most common causes may be genetic, constitutional, altered cortical insufficiency, lack of serotonin in the blood, rigid education, psychological causes (retrocession to the anal-sadistic stage)	The treatment that is best results are with psychological therapy with behavior modification techniques and relaxation techniques. They also tend to find good answers with the use of hypnosis. In some cases it may be required psychiatric treatment and pharmacological.
	OBSESSIVE PERSONALITY Go to menu	It is a way of acting, characterization of a lifestyle. It has two forms: - Asthenic traits (People with indecision to which a hard time deciding or taking sides). - Sthenic Traits (People overly concerned with cleanliness, morality, rules, discipline, etc.).	Works well with psychological therapy relaxation techniques or hypnosis, but can be specified psychiatric treatment.
	OCD Go to menu	Obsessive compulsive disorder have similar symptoms that obsessive neurosis and obsessive disorder. The intensity of this symptoms is greater than in the neurosis.	Treatment is usually psychiatric, in some cases it may be sufficient to psychological therapy. In other useful combination of both.
	ORGANIC DISORDER Go to menu	They are in line with the *exogenous disorders* and are those that cause dementia states.	The treatment can be, depending on the source, psychiatric and / or neurological
P
	PARANOID DISORDER Go to menu	In this disorder, the person feels is observed, persecuted, is due to an incorrect assessment of external stimuli which leads to delusion situations. Ranging from the classic paranoia, to disorders that come and go. Not usually affect other areas, so the person, except as noted, can lead a normal life	The treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic.
	PEDOPHILIA Go to menu	This sexual behavior disorder where the sufferer has exclusive or predominant sexual fondness for children.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	PARAMNESIA Go to menu	The paramnesias are memory distortions in pathological degree. It includes details of the meanings or false emotions or temporary space relationships wrong (déjà vu, déjà vécu and déjà entendu). Usually arise from temporal lobe epilepsy.	The treatment is psychiatric and / or neurologic.
	PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER Go to menu	It is included in personality disorders and is characterized by feelings of being watched and persecuted, like those of *paranoid disorder*	The treatment is psychiatric and / or psychological.
	PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA Go to menu	The schizophrenia are chronic psychotic illnesses. The sufferer, is often unaware of their disease and lose the universal logic of things. Paranoid schizophrenia, usually become apparent between fifteen and thirty years. It has two groups of symptoms: Primary, negative or deficit, whose major symptoms are apathy, autism, emotional indifference and disorder partnerships. And the positive secondary or productive, that group hallucinations and delusions.	Treatment is psychiatric and pharmacologic and in some cases electroshock. Although there is usually a deterioration of the affected to be increasing as suffering outbreaks or spends time.
	PERSEVERATION Go to menu	It is a disorder in the content of thought where the patient does not fully explain what you want. Dwell on this theme and repeats it over and over again.	The treatment is psychiatric and / or neurologic
	PERSEVERATIONS (IN LANGUAGE) Go to menu	It's repeating things over and over again as a result of brain injury.	The treatment is neurologic.
	PERSONALITY DISORDER Go to menu	Personality disorders are mood disorders, which can not properly be regarded as mental illness and are shaped from infancy to maturity, in terms of environment and genetics. Its effects may be relaxed, but hardly heal completely.	The treatment is psychiatric and / or psychological.
	PHANTOM LIMB Go to menu	It is a disorder of consciousness in which a person who is one of their amputated limbs (arms, legs), will continue to perceive them as existing and can even notice pain in them. This disorder disappears by itself after a certain time.	Not require treatment in itself, but sometimes psychological therapy helps amputee find acceptance of the new situation.
	PICA Go to menu	It is an eating disorder in which the patient ingests non-food substances such as paper, stones, etc. It occurs in oligophrenic, schizophrenic, and in some dementias. It can be seen in some children, in this case usually is usually not pathological, if not need to grab attention.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	PREMATURE EJACULATION Go to menu	This male disorder, is characterized by the occurrence of orgasm too quickly and is a source of frustration in the relationship. May occur in two ways: They get penetration and almost immediately ejaculate or ejaculate before penetration. It is a condition usually associated with anxiety and phobic conditioning is usually present, so that when once occurs is in the mind and the next time the problem is reproduced.	The treatment is psychological.
	PROSOPAGNOSIA Go to menu	It is a disease within the group of agnosia in which the person can not recognize faces. Recognizes partners for voice or clothing. It is a consequence of lesions in the right hemisphere.	The treatment is neurologic.
	PROLIXITY Go to menu	It is a disorder of thought content where the ability to synthesize lost. There is an unnecessary detail, that distracts the subject really important.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	PSEUDO-APROSEXIA Go to menu	It is a disorder of attention in which there is apparently a lack of attention, but it really fails is performance. It is fairly typical in obsessive as it seems they do not pay attention, but what really happens is that the focus on their obsession, have no time for other things. In addition to the obsessive, it may be associated with other diseases.	The treatment is psychiatric.
	PSEUDO-HALLUCINATIONS Go to menu	In pseudo-hallucinations lack any of the three rules of hallucinations. The most common is that the perception of voices is not external, but internal. It is typical of schizophrenia, chronic psychotic disorders, endogenous depressions, paraphrenia, hallucinatory psychosis.	The treatment is psychiatric.
Q	NO INFORMATION Go to menu

PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY GLOSSARY